What is a Public Limited Company?
A Public Limited Company (PLC) in India is a business entity that offers its shares to the public through a stock exchange. Governed by the Companies Act, 2013, a PLC is suitable for larger enterprises seeking to raise capital from a broad range of investors. It provides the advantages of limited liability and a formal corporate structure while enabling the company to access substantial funding through public offerings.
Public Limited Company
Three DIN
Three DSC
Name Approval Application
Drafting MOA & AOA
Incorporation Certificate
PAN
TAN
Key Features of a Public Limited Company
Taxation of Private Limited Companies in India
Particulars |
Sole Proprietorship |
Partnership Firm |
LLP |
OPC (One Person Company) |
Private Limited Company |
Public Limited Company |
Minimum No. of Persons |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
Minimum Shareholders |
1 |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
1 |
2 |
7 |
Separate Legal Entity |
❌ No |
❌ No |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
Limited Liability |
❌ Owner personally liable |
❌ Partners personally liable |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
Perpetual Succession |
❌ No |
❌ No |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
✅ Yes |
Minimum Capital |
No Minimum |
No Minimum |
No Minimum |
Rs.1 |
Rs.1 |
Rs.5 Lakhs (for listing) |
Legal Registration |
❌ Not Mandatory |
Optional |
✅ Mandatory (MCA) |
✅ Mandatory (MCA) |
✅ Mandatory (MCA) |
✅ Mandatory (MCA + SEBI) |
Audit Requirement (FY 2025–26) |
✅ If Turnover > Rs.1 Cror > Rs.10 Cr if 95%+ digital |
✅ Same as Sole Proprietor |
✅ If Turnover > Rs.40Lor Capital > Rs.25L |
✅ Mandatory (Companies Act) |
✅ Mandatory (Companies Act) |
✅ Mandatory + SEBI/statutory/cost audit |
Income Tax Rate |
Individual slab (up to 30%) |
Flat 30% + surcharge/cess |
22% + cess |
22% + cess |
22% + cess |
25% (< Rs.400 Cr) or 30% + cess |
GST Applicability |
✅ If turnover > Rs.20L (services) / Rs.40L (goods) |
✅ Same |
✅ Same |
✅ Same |
✅ Same |
✅ Same |
GST Filing |
GSTR-1, GSTR-3B etc. |
Same as above |
Same as above |
Same as above |
Same as above |
Same as above |
Compliance Burden |
Very Low |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
Very High |
Raising Public Funds |
❌ Not Allowed |
❌ Not Allowed |
❌ Not Allowed |
❌ Not Allowed |
❌ Not Allowed |
✅ Allowed (IPO, FPO, Bonds) |
Transfer of Ownership |
❌ Not Easily Transferable |
❌ Difficult |
✅ Possible |
✅ Possible |
✅ Possible |
✅ Freely Transferable |
Best Suited For |
Small individual businesses |
Family or friend-run firms |
Startups, Professionals, Consultants |
Solo entrepreneurs with legal structure |
Startups, Funded & Growing Companies |
Large corporations and public investors |
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© Created by Karishma Jain | All rights Reserved